Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of NPH Insulin in Type 1 DiabetesMellitus: The Importance of Appropriate Resuspension Before Subcutaneous Injection
نویسندگان
چکیده
PK and PDwere assessed after subcutaneous injection of NPH insulin 0.35 units/kg at steady-state by pen either resuspended (R+, tipping of insulin pen 20 times) or nonresuspended (penmaintained in fixed position either horizontally [Rhorizontal] or vertically with tip up [Rup] or tip down [Rdown]). Eleven subjectswith type 1 diabetes (age 31.56 12 years, diabetes duration 17.56 7.7 years, BMI 22.96 1.5 kg/m, A1C 7.2 6 0.4% [55.2 6 4.4 mmol/mol]) were studied (euglycemic clamp) with a randomized crossover design.
منابع مشابه
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of NPH Insulin in Type 1 Diabetes: The Importance of Appropriate Resuspension Before Subcutaneous Injection.
OBJECTIVE Crystalline NPH insulin comes in a two-phase solution with either a solvent or a rapid-acting insulin (in premixed formulations) and needs adequate mixing for complete resuspension before injection. The aim of this study was to establish pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) after injection of appropriately resuspended versus nonresuspended NPH insulin. RESEARCH DESIGN AND...
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Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the long-acting insulin analog glargine (1) are superior to those of insulin NPH (2–9). In the clinical setting, this translates into lower risk of nocturnal hypoglycemia (10–13), lower A1C (provided that appropriate requirements of mealtime rapid-acting insulin are met) (11–13), and the convenience of once (12), compared with multiple, administration of...
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OBJECTIVE To compare the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of NPH, glargine, and detemir insulins in type 2 diabetic subjects. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study used a single-blind, three-way, cross-over design. A total of 18 type 2 diabetic subjects underwent a euglycemic clamp for 32 h after a subcutaneous injection of 0.4 units/kg at 2200 h of either NPH, glargine, or detemir afte...
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Background and Objective: Acceptable control of blood glucose is one of the most important goals of treatment management in diabetic children. An insulin therapy regimen with multiple daily injection or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion has been admitted as a desirable therapeutic approach in children with diabetes mellitus type 1. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of intens...
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